5 10 106 https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/16849816538edc3c763383c31c542ae0.png 6d173fe5615606f0078230f49063db19 https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/25f955c8d6d18663c37ed23378b49ef3.jpg e67dbe80d5190c3baabd73a1e83c5703 https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/ff35444d6420a2c1e470ee761bcc7a06.png 94912505816007921d9dc15f22bd0cab https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/426c7803e70a4dd37dd9d57c0f27d663.png 2d9333612c6af0406109ea9cbe0832cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU Network Collection Description An account of the resource The NABU Network was designed and implemented by an Ottawa-based company NABU Manufacturing between 1981 and 1983. The underlying idea behind the network was to link home personal computers to cable television networks that would supply a continuous, high speed stream of computer programs and information to homes. NABU Manufacturing identified cable television as uniquely ideal technology to deliver digital information services to homes and educational institutions because of cable's high bandwidth and wide coverage in North America. On October 15, 1983, NABU Network was launched on Ottawa Cablevision -- an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, VA, on Tribune Cable -- a 5,000 subscriber service. A year later the network was available on Ottawa's Skyline Cablevision and in Sowa, Japan, via a collaboration between NABU and ASCII Corp. NABU Network subscribers could rent or buy a NABU Personal Computer and dedicated network adaptor, and use an ordinary television set as a display monitor. Once connected to the network, a user could choose from various application programs and services in categories including entertainment, information and guides, education, and professional programs. Dedicated NABU magazines, newsletters, programming guides, and user groups provided subscribers with supplementary information and support. The NABU Network's public launch in 1983 marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information and services directly to homes of personal computer users. Financial difficulties lead NABU Network Corp. (formerly NABU Manufacturing) to close down its operations in 1986. Acquisition: The objects in the collection have been donated by D. Adkinson, J. Amanatides, R. Banks, J. De Carlo, F. Cuillerier, M. Kenzie, B. McNally, D. Sawyer, T. Shepard, A.G.M. Smith, Zbigniew Stachniak, and R.J. Tremblay. HARDWARE <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer, 4K ROM</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer, 8K ROM</li> <li>NABU Adaptor</li> <li>NABU 1100 workstation</li> <li>NABU 1600 desktop computer with external disk drives</li> <li>Various S-100 boards for the NABU 1100 computer made by Andicom Corp.</li> <li>Joysticks for the NABU Personal Computer</li> <li>External disk drive station for the NABU Personal Computer</li> <li>NABU 4404 terminal</li> <li>NABU 3100 terminal</li> <li>NABU 3116 terminal</li> <li>NABU 1200 motherboard</li> </ul> SOFTWARE <ul> <li>NABU CP/M Plus operating system and utility software for the NABU Personal Computer, NABU Network & Digital Research</li> <li>CP/M operating system for the NABU 1600 computer</li> <li>CP/M operating system for the NABU 1100 workstation</li> <li> Heli Tank computer game, NABU 1983 (ASCII Corp. version)</li> <li>NABU Network cycle for CABSERVE development system (1982--1986)</li> <li>Software development tools for CABSERVE development system (1982--1986)</li> <li>NABU Network DOS (historical software reconstruction), YUCoM 2008</li> <li>NABU Network main menu (1983 version, historical software reconstruction), YUCoM 2008</li> <li>XENIX 1.1 NABU 1600 Release Note, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 On-Board Monitor, Part FS-1200-XXX, Rev. 1, November 1982</li> <li>Qnix on the Fulcrum Technologies 1600, August 1984</li> </ul> MANUALS, GUIDES, TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer User's Guide, first edition, November 1982, NABU Manufacturing</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer User's Guide, Second edition, September 1983, NABU Manufacturing</li> <li>NABU Basic User's Reference Manual, first edition, September 1984, NABU Network Corp.</li> <li>NABU Network Guide, first edition, November 1982, NABU Manufacturing Corp.</li> <li>CP/M Plus (Operating System) User's Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li>CP/M Plus (Operating System) Programmer's Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li> CP/M Plus (Operating System) System Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li>Programmer's Utilities Guide For the CP/M Family of Operating Systems , Digital Research, 198?</li> <li>Symbolic Instruction Debugger Productivity Tool Reference Manual for the CP/M-80 Family of Operating Systems , Digital Research, 1981</li> <li>NABU Logo Learner's Guide, Interim Version, NABU Network, 1983</li> <li>NABU PC Disk Drive User's Guide, Interim Version, NABU Network, May 1984</li> <li>The NABU Network: Technical Specifications, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer Application Programmer's Manual, NABU Manufacturing report 50-90020490, June 8, 1984</li> <li>The NABU Network Product Training Kit, NABU Manufacturing, October 10, 1983</li> <li>NABU 3100 Users Manual, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982(?)</li> <li>NABU 1600 User's Operating Guide, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>NABU 1600 MS-DOS User's Guide, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>NABU 1600 Word Processing Reference Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 XENIX Command Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 User's Operating Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 XENIX Pre-Release Technical Supplement, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Engineering Specification, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Specification Control Drawing, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Product Bulletin, NABU Manufacturing Corp.: January 18,  October 02, February 9, February 11, and October 18, 1983</li> <li>Floppy Diskk Drive, NABU Part 10050017-00, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> <li>MS-DOS Quick Regference Card, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> </ul> CORPORATE DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Conference on the Electronic Mall (New York, December 9--10, 1981), December 15, 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Western Cable Show (Anaheim, December 14, 1981), December 14, 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. HOME NABU: A Proposal for the Initial Product Line. August 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. NABU: Proposed Product Planning Process. August 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. HOME NABU: Four Perspectives on the Home NABU. 1st draft, August 1981</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corporation. Wood Gundy Ltd. prospectus for a public offering of securities, October 26, 1981</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corp. Financial Statements, 1982</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Winter Consumer Electronics Show (Las Vegas, January 7--10, 1982), January 15, 1982.</li> <li>Portfolio of early documents describing the NABU Network sent by P.A. Wilson and E.R. Goodwin to S. Paterson, June 9, 1982</li> <li>NABU Introduces Personal Computer, news release, Nabu Manufacturing, May 1982</li> <li>Acquisition of Volker-Craig by NABU Manufacturing Corp., a letter from A. Werenko, VP Sales, Volker-Craig, to distributors, OEM's, and House Accounts, January 29, 1982</li> <li>Volker-Craig Limited Announces Acquisition by NABU Manufacturing Corporation, news release, Volker Craig, January 7, 1982</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis. Broadcast data transmission methods (NABTS, DIDON, etc.). Memorandum, June 8, 1982</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Trip Report on the Winter Consumer Electronics Show (Las Vegas, 1983), January 14, 1983</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis and W.D.M. Sawyer. Cable Computing Comes of Age. Presentation notes for the BNR Old-Boys Club (date unknown, possibly 1983)</li> <li>Consumer/Education Division. Market and Business Analysis, Release 1.0. NABU Manufacturing, August 31, 1983</li> <li>Neil Telling. Products and Services for CATV Products, memorandum (date unknown)</li> <li>NABU and Rogers Launch the NABU Network in Vancouver, news release, NABU Manufacturing, August 18, 1983</li> <li>Rogers Cable TV-Vancouver launches the NABU Network broadcast software service this fall in Vancouver, news release, August 18, 1983</li> <li>NABU Network Corporation Common Shares certificate, February 15, 1984</li> <li>Engineering Change Order, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> </ul> PROMOTIONAL MATERIAL <ul> <li>MicroCable Plus: Right for the Times, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li> Introducing MicroCable Plus, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>Order Entry/Billing, General Ledger, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Sales Analysis, software promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network... a business so right for cable, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corporation, corporate brochure, 1982</li> <li>The NABU 1600: The Beginning of a New Era of Computers, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3116 Video Display Terminal, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3055 Letter Quality Printer, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3201 Correspondence Quality Printer, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network: A technological breakthrough. Our technology. Your breakthrough, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>Tune in to a continuing adventure in computer programming, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 1982</li> </ul> NEWS LETTERS, NETWORK GUIDES, and OTHER PUBLICATIONS <ul> <li>The Hard Copy, vol. 1, no. 1, 2, 4, 1986 (monthly newsletter)</li> <li>The Changing Times, March 1985 (bi-monthly newsletter)</li> <li>The Education Channel, Computers, Children & Education, the education channel guide, NABU Network, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network Content Guide (monthly guide), August 15--September 15, 1984</li> <li>P. O'Connor, NABU: the brains network; in Canadian Bu$iness, March 1982</li> <li>C. Nesbitt, Nabu Manufacturing Corporation, McLeod Young Weir, January 31, 1984</li> <li>Nabu Network price list, August 18, 1983</li> </ul> OTHER DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>NABU's Writer Tutorial, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>NABU CALC application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Fancy Font application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>< Music Maker application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Kiddy Park game information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Fancy Font NABU Network subscription receipts, 1985-1986</li> <li>The NABU Network is changing for you, letter to customers, Richard Haas, NABU Network, August 9, 1985</li> <li>A letter to NABU subscribes, Ottawa CableVision Ltd., October, 1983</li> <li>A letter to NABU subscribes, Ottawa CableVision Ltd., March 16, 1984</li> <li>A letter to a customer regarding purchasing of the NABU CP/M Plus operating system, May 22, 1984.</li> <li>Share the NABU Experience, a note to customers, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network CCTA Satellite Demonstration, one page handout prepared for the 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983.</li> <li>Correspondence between Terry Shepard and the NABU Network, September-October, 1985</li> <li>Cable Options... We've only just begun. 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis and W.D.M. Sawyer. Cable Computing Comes of Age. In Cable Options... We've only just begun. 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983, pp. 13--19</li> <li>A binder documenting the use of a NABU 1600 system by D.J. Adkinson.</li> </ul> PHOTOGRAPHS and VIDEOS <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer, a photograph, 1983, CJOK CTV video, 1984</li> <li>Leo Binkowski September 29/84, CJOK CTV video, 1984</li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource <img src="http://museum1.eecs.yorku.ca/www_decorations/nabu_logo.jpg" alt="MCM_logo" width="20%" height="20%" border="0" /> The collection documents the development and installation of the NABU Network created by Nabu Manufacturing. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Zbigniew Stachniak hardware A computer (or a calculator), its components and peripherals (displays, printers, pointing devices, modems, external storage devices, etc). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU Personal Computer Subject The topic of the resource hardware: personal computer Description An account of the resource Historical Context   The whole crew is instilled with the fervent enthusiasm of   Those Who Have Seen The Light. On everyone's lips is   the sacred name of the ancient Babylonian god of writing.   NABU. Bringer of wisdom and understanding.   NABU. Bringer of great pots of money. [P. Kinsman, NABU, NABU! One More Time From the Top, Enterprise, July 1981] The growing popularity of home and personal computing in the late 1970s and early 1980s created a  vibrant software industry supplying microcomputer users with a vast range of software products. During that period, the main form of the commercial microcomputer software distribution was packaged software sold in computer stores and outlets in the form of ROM cartridges, tape cassettes, and floppy diskettes. Even though the prices of personal and home computers were falling sharply in the early 1980s, the cost of good quality software remained the same reflecting, in part, high distribution costs. Electronic distribution of software directly into homes of computer owners originated in the second half of the 1970s. It was a novel, fast, and cost-effective alternative to packaged software's expensive, long, and multi-stage delivery process. A computer or a video game console owner could subscribe to an electronic distribution of software service (EDS service) that and gain an electronic access to software and data for a low monthly fee (of, approximately, the cost of a single commercial packaged software). By the early 1980s, several North American and European companies were already distributing software using common communication links (such radio waves, cable television (CATV), or telephone networks). While Europe was experimenting with EDS via teletext and videotex television services, several North American companies were looking into using CATV's superior high-speed digital information delivery capability for the purpose of mass-market distribution of home and recreational software. By the early 1980s, a large percentage of urban households in North America had a direct link to cable TV. Furthermore, a strong growth of the home computer and video game console markets was projected until at  least mid-1980s. Such forecasts supported the prospects of vast new sources of revenues for cable providers derived from bundling EDS with other CATV-based nonprogramming services. The NABU Network was possibly the most advanced and foremost among the early CATV-based EDS services. It was a brainchild of a Canadian entrepreneur John Kelly. The NABU Manufacturing Corp., which would spawn the NABU Network Corp., was incorporated in June 1981. It was initially created through the amalgamation of three companies: Bruce Instruments Ltd. (manufacturer of cable TV converters based in Almonte), MFC Microsystems International Inc. (a distributor of computer hardware and software for small business systems), and Computer Innovations Ltd. (which operated computer retail stores across Canada). Soon after, NABU Manufacturing acquired Andicom Technical Products Ltd. (a manufacturer of small business computers based in Toronto), Consolidated Computer Inc. (a manufacturer and distributor of key-edit systems), Mobius Software Ltd. (an Ottawa-based software consulting company), and Volker-Craig (a Kitchener-based manufacturer of video-display terminals). NABU's business plan was to capture a sizable share of the microcomputer market by offering the world's first cable-ready computers and by implementing a new delivery method for software and information -- the NABU Network. The company announced its network during the 1982 National Cable & Telecommunications Association conference in Las Vegas. In May 1983, the company transmitted its programming via satellite from Ottawa to terminals installed at the 26th Annual Convention of the Canadian Cable Television Association in Calgary. The transmission used the ANIK-D1 satellite, and it was a live feed from Ottawa. The NABU Network was officially launched on 15 October 1983 on Ottawa Cablevision, an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, Virginia, on Tribune Cable, a 5,000 subscriber service. The launch marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information, software, and digital entertainment directly to homes of personal computer users. The network was based on the concept of computers linked to cable television networks which could supply a constant stream of computer programs and information to almost unlimited number of users at high speed. NABU considered cable television a uniquely ideal technology to deliver software and data to home computers because of its high bandwidth and networking capabilities. To access NABU Network, customers had to purchase or rent a NABU Personal Computer (NABU PC) and a network adaptor that provided an interface between the NABU PC and the CATV's dedicated channel. The network provided its subscribers with a multi tier service that offered software and information in a range of categories, including entertainment, education, family information, home management, and a network guide. The November-December 1984 issue of The NABU Network magazine lists over 140 titles available on Ottawa Cablevision's NABU Network. In Ottawa, NABU program listings were available online (on NABU's Network Guide) as well as in local newspapers and dedicated NABU magazines. The NABU PC could be operated as a stand-alone desktop computer. For this purpose, NABU supplied its customers with Digital Research CP/M 3 operating system and floppy disk drives. Because of the company's financial difficulties, unfavourable market conditions, and regulatory constraints, the NABU Network went off the air on 31 August 1986 in both Ottawa and Alexandria. Rights to exploit commercial applications of NABU Network technology--that is, to selling the technology to corporations that could provide their own content--were vested in International Datacasting Corp. created in 1984. References: <ul> <li>Stachniak, Z. Early Commercial Electronic Distribution of Software, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, January-March (2014), pp. 39-51.</li> </ul> The NABU PC technical specifications: <ul> <li>CPU - ZILOG Z80A, 8-bit, 3.58MHz clock speed,</li> <li>RAM - 64Kb, NPC's main memory under the CPU's control,</li> <li>RAM - 16Kb, video display memory under the video processor's control,</li> <li>ROM - 4K or 8K (hosting software for bootstrap, self-test, and initialization),</li> <li>video processor - Texas Instruments TMS 9918A,</li> <li>sound generator - General Instrument AY-3-8910 programmable sound generator,</li> <li>external storage - floppy diskette drives; a floppy drive controller was required to be installed in one of the expansion,</li> <li>expansion ports - four 30-pin,</li> <li>keyboard - 66 key QWERTY-style (including 8 cursor and control as well as "YES" and "NO" keys), detachable, microprocessor-controlled, features two game controller connectors,</li> <li>game controllers - up to two controllers connected to the keyboard via DB-9 connectors; 8 position and fire button control,</li> <li>display - 24 lines of 40 characters, 16 colors (including transparent); requires a dedicated computer monitor or a television set connected via RF modulator,</li> <li>ports/connectors - serial EIA RS422 Adaptor interface, 8-bit parallel printer port (15-pin), EIA RS422 keyboard connector (6-PIN DIN), video connector (RCA phono jack), audio connector (RCA phono jack), cable IN ad OUT connectors (type F),</li> <li>data transmission rate - 6.312 Mbits.</li> </ul> The NABU PC systems software: <ul> <li>NABU BDOS - NABU Basic Downloadable Operating System, NABU Network Corp., 1982-1986</li> <li>XIOS1 - Extended Internal Operating Software, module 1, NABU Network Corp., 1982-1986</li> <li>XIOS2 - Extended Internal Operating Software, module 2, NABU Network Corp., 1982-1986</li> <li>Disk Utilities for NABU floppy disk drive, Digital Research, 1983 and NABU Network Corp., 1983</li> <li>RAM test utility program, NABU Network Corp., 198?</li> </ul> NABU Network applications and information programs in the museum's collection <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>title</th> <th>category</th> <th>creator</th> </tr> <tr> <td>ALPHABLAST II</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ALPHA LAB LOGO</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ANGLE TANGLE LOGO</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ANTARCTIC VENTURE</td> <td>game</td> <td>Konami, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ANTONYM ANTICS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>AQUATTACK</td> <td>game</td> <td>Interphase Technologies Inc., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ATMOSPHERE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ATOMS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BACKGAMMON</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BIORHYTHMS</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BEEVADERS</td> <td>LOGO game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>B.C. MATCH UP</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>B.C. TRIVIA</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CAPACITORS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CFONT</td> <td>office program</td> <td>SoftCraft, 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CHECKERS</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CHINESE HOROSCOPES</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CIRCUS CHARLIE</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CIRCUIT</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>COMPUTER GLOSSARY</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CORRECT-IT</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CYCLONS</td> <td>game</td> <td>Syntax Software Inc., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DARTS AND BALLOONS LOGO</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DECIMALS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DEFINITION</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DEPOT</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>EFONT Edit</td> <td>office program</td> <td>SoftCraft, 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>EMBASSY CAPER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FANCY FONT TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FLIP AND FLOP</td> <td>game</td> <td>First Star Software, 1983; NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FRACTIONS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FRENCH VERBS I</td> <td>eduactional program</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FROGGEE</td> <td>game</td> <td>Commercial Data Systems Ltd., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>GRAMMAR</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>HEAVYWAIGHT BOXING</td> <td>game</td> <td>Takara/Hal, 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>HERBS & SPICE 1</td> <td>information program</td> <td>605477 Ontario Inc., 1985</td> </tr> <tr> <td>HERBS & SPICE 2</td> <td>information program</td> <td>605477 Ontario Inc., 1985</td> </tr> <tr> <td>HYPER SPORTS</td> <td>game</td> <td>Konami, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTERVALS</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>KEYBOARD</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>KIDDY PARK</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>KNOW-IT-ALL</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LASER ATTACK</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LEARNING LETTERS</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LEARNING NUMBERS</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LOGO ACTIVITY HELP</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LOGO PREVIEW</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LOGO REFERENCE</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MACBETH</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MAKE UP</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MANIA</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp, 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MATH ATTACK LOGO</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MATH PUZZLE</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MATH QUIZ</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MAZE CRAZE</td> <td>LOGO game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>METRIC CONVERTER</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>METRO BLITZ</td> <td>game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MINERAL HUNT</td> <td>LOGO educational game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MINER 2049ER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MIX-IT</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MOONSWEEPER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MORTGAGE CALC</td> <td>home management</td> <td>NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MOTION AND FORCE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MOTORCYCLE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MR. CHIN</td> <td>game</td> <td>Hal, 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MUMMY'S TOMB</td> <td>game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MURDER MANSION</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU BASIC V2.0</td> <td>programming language</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU BASIC TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984; code follows directory</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU CALC</td> <td>spreadsheet</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU CALC TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU FILER</td> <td>database program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU FILER TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU LOGO, rev. 01</td> <td>programming language</td> <td>LOGO Computer Systems Inc., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU SPELLER</td> <td>office program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU SPELLER TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU WRITER</td> <td>office program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 198</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NABU WRITER TUTOR</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 198</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NEOCLYPS</td> <td>game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NIMBLE</td> <td>LOGO game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NOTES AND STAFF</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NOUNS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>O CANADA LOGO</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PAINTPOT</td> <td>educational program</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PARLOR POWER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PERCENTAGES</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PINBALL</td> <td>game</td> <td>John Allen, 1981</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PING</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PLANETS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PRINTER TUTORIAL</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PROVINCES LOGO</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>QA DIG DUG</td> <td>game</td> <td>Namco Ltd., NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>QA GALAXIAN</td> <td>game</td> <td>Namco Ltd., NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>QA PAC-MAN</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983, 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>QUEST FOR TIRES</td> <td>game</td> <td>Sierra On-Line Inc., Sydney Development Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Q*BERT</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>RENEGADE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>RESISTORS</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROULETTE</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>RUNES</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SARGON II CHESS</td> <td>game</td> <td>Dan and Kathleen, Hayden Book Comp. Inc., 1981</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SCHMOZZLE</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SHAPES</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SHAKESPEARE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SKETCH</td> <td>art program</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SKI SARAJEVO</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SKI WHISTLER</td> <td>game</td> </tr> <tr></tr> <tr> <td>SLEUTH</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SPORTS STUMPER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>STEP UP</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SUPER BILLIARDS</td> <td>game</td> <td>Bubble Bus Software, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SUPER BLOOPER</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>THE INFORMER</td> <td>information program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1986</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TIME PILOT</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TONES & SEMITONES</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TOURNAMENT POKER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TRACK & FIELD 1</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TRACK & FIELD 2</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TV IQ</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>UFO'S</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WHIZ MIND LOGO</td> <td>game</td> <td>unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WINE WATCH</td> <td>information program</td> <td>Wine Consultants of Canada, 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WING WAR</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WIZTYPE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WIZTYPE TUTOR</td> <td>office program</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1982</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WORD MASTERMIND</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WORD ROTATE</td> <td>educational game</td> <td>Cymbal Software Inc, 1984, NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ZIPPER</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1983</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ZORK I</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ZOT!</td> <td>game</td> <td>NABU Network Corp., 1984</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The museum has several NABU PC and Adaptor units including the NABU PC 4K and 8K ROM models. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NABU Network Manufacturing Corp., NABU Network Corp. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982--1986 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1983-1986, Ottawa (Canada), Alexandria (US), and Sowa (Japan) Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No EDS NABU network PC personal computer https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/6385e94df8dafddd3e127f51f4dcfe43.png 94912505816007921d9dc15f22bd0cab Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU Network Publications Subject The topic of the resource NABU Network magazines and newsletters Description An account of the resource Historical context The growing popularity of home and personal computing in the late 1970s and early 1980s created a vibrant software industry supplying microcomputer users with a vast range of software products. During that period, the main form of the commercial microcomputer software distribution was packaged software sold in computer stores and outlets in the form of ROM cartridges, tape cassettes, and floppy diskettes. Even though the prices of personal and home computers were falling sharply in the early 1980s, the cost of good quality software remained the same reflecting, in part, high distribution costs. Electronic distribution of software directly into homes of computer owners originated in the second half of the 1970s. It was a novel, fast, and cost-effective alternative to packaged software's expensive, long, and multi-stage delivery process. A computer or a video game console owner could subscribe to an electronic distribution of software service (EDS service) that and gain an electronic access to software and data for a low monthly fee (of, approximately, the cost of a single commercial packaged software). By the early 1980s, several North American and European companies were already distributing software using common communication links (such radio waves, cable television (CATV), or telephone networks). While Europe was experimenting with EDS via teletext and videotex television services, several North American companies were looking into using CATV's superior high-speed digital information delivery capability for the purpose of mass-market distribution of home and recreational software. By the early 1980s, a large percentage of urban households in North America had a direct link to cable TV. Furthermore, a strong growth of the home computer and video game console markets was projected until at least mid-1980s. Such forecasts supported the prospects of vast new sources of revenues for cable providers derived from bundling EDS with other CATV-based nonprogramming services. The NABU Network was possibly the most advanced and foremost among the early CATV-based EDS services. It was a brainchild of a Canadian entrepreneur John Kelly. The NABU Manufacturing Corp., which would spawn the NABU Network Corp., was incorporated in June 1981. It was initially created through the amalgamation of three companies: Bruce Instruments Ltd. (manufacturer of cable TV converters based in Almonte), MFC Microsystems International Inc. (a distributor of computer hardware and software for small business systems), and Computer Innovations Ltd. (which operated computer retail stores across Canada). Soon after, NABU Manufacturing acquired Andicom Technical Products Ltd. (a manufacturer of small business computers based in Toronto), Consolidated Computer Inc. (a manufacturer and distributor of key-edit systems), Mobius Software Ltd. (an Ottawa-based software consulting company), and Volker-Craig (a Kitchener-based manufacturer of video-display terminals). NABU's business plan was to capture a sizable share of the microcomputer market by offering the world's first cable-ready computers and by implementing a new delivery method for software and information -- the NABU Network. The company announced its network during the 1982 National Cable & Telecommunications Association conference in Las Vegas. In May 1983, the company transmitted its programming via satellite from Ottawa to terminals installed at the 26th Annual Convention of the Canadian Cable Television Association in Calgary. The transmission used the ANIK-D1 satellite, and it was a live feed from Ottawa. The NABU Network was officially launched on 15 October 1983 on Ottawa Cablevision, an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, Virginia, on Tribune Cable, a 5,000 subscriber service. The launch marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information, software, and digital entertainment directly to homes of personal computer users. The network was based on the concept of computers linked to cable television networks which could supply a constant stream of computer programs and information to almost unlimited number of users at high speed. The network provided its subscribers with a multi tier service that offered software and information in a range of categories, including entertainment, education, family information, home management, and a network guide. The November-December 1984 issue of The NABU Network magazine lists over 140 titles available on Ottawa Cablevision's NABU Network. In Ottawa, NABU program listings were available online (on NABU's Network Guide) as well as in local newspapers and dedicated NABU magazines. Because of the company's financial difficulties, unfavourable market conditions, and regulatory constraints, the NABU Network went off the air on 31 August 1986 in both Ottawa and Alexandria. Rights to exploit commercial applications of NABU Network technology--that is, to selling the technology to corporations that could provide their own content--were vested in International Datacasting Corp. created in 1984. NABU and its employees published several magazines and newsletters. The museum has the following publications: <ul> <li>The NABU Network magazine (NABU Network, monthly); holdings: November and December 1984,</li> <li>The Changing Times (NABU Network, bi-monthly); holdings: January, March, and May 1985,</li> <li>The Hard Copy Newsletter (NABU Network, monthly); holdings: vol. 1, nr. 1, 2, 4, 1986,</li> <li>The Grunt Press (newsletter published by NABU employees, irregular); holdings: issuues 7-10, 1982; issues 11-13, 1983,</li> <li>The New Grunt Press (newsletter published by NABU employees, irregular); holdings: vol. 1-3, 5-20, 1984.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NABU Manufacturing Corporation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983 Relation A related resource NABU Adaptor, NABU Network collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hardware Type The nature or genre of the resource Hardware Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context H.6 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1983-1986, Ottawa (Canada), Sowa (Japan) Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/a25d141ee58a8fb0d13b7a081eee5bac.jpeg 4bada6c11630b197334cd145e71282cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU Network Collection Description An account of the resource The NABU Network was designed and implemented by an Ottawa-based company NABU Manufacturing between 1981 and 1983. The underlying idea behind the network was to link home personal computers to cable television networks that would supply a continuous, high speed stream of computer programs and information to homes. NABU Manufacturing identified cable television as uniquely ideal technology to deliver digital information services to homes and educational institutions because of cable's high bandwidth and wide coverage in North America. On October 15, 1983, NABU Network was launched on Ottawa Cablevision -- an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, VA, on Tribune Cable -- a 5,000 subscriber service. A year later the network was available on Ottawa's Skyline Cablevision and in Sowa, Japan, via a collaboration between NABU and ASCII Corp. NABU Network subscribers could rent or buy a NABU Personal Computer and dedicated network adaptor, and use an ordinary television set as a display monitor. Once connected to the network, a user could choose from various application programs and services in categories including entertainment, information and guides, education, and professional programs. Dedicated NABU magazines, newsletters, programming guides, and user groups provided subscribers with supplementary information and support. The NABU Network's public launch in 1983 marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information and services directly to homes of personal computer users. Financial difficulties lead NABU Network Corp. (formerly NABU Manufacturing) to close down its operations in 1986. Acquisition: The objects in the collection have been donated by D. Adkinson, J. Amanatides, R. Banks, J. De Carlo, F. Cuillerier, M. Kenzie, B. McNally, D. Sawyer, T. Shepard, A.G.M. Smith, Zbigniew Stachniak, and R.J. Tremblay. HARDWARE <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer, 4K ROM</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer, 8K ROM</li> <li>NABU Adaptor</li> <li>NABU 1100 workstation</li> <li>NABU 1600 desktop computer with external disk drives</li> <li>Various S-100 boards for the NABU 1100 computer made by Andicom Corp.</li> <li>Joysticks for the NABU Personal Computer</li> <li>External disk drive station for the NABU Personal Computer</li> <li>NABU 4404 terminal</li> <li>NABU 3100 terminal</li> <li>NABU 3116 terminal</li> <li>NABU 1200 motherboard</li> </ul> SOFTWARE <ul> <li>NABU CP/M Plus operating system and utility software for the NABU Personal Computer, NABU Network & Digital Research</li> <li>CP/M operating system for the NABU 1600 computer</li> <li>CP/M operating system for the NABU 1100 workstation</li> <li> Heli Tank computer game, NABU 1983 (ASCII Corp. version)</li> <li>NABU Network cycle for CABSERVE development system (1982--1986)</li> <li>Software development tools for CABSERVE development system (1982--1986)</li> <li>NABU Network DOS (historical software reconstruction), YUCoM 2008</li> <li>NABU Network main menu (1983 version, historical software reconstruction), YUCoM 2008</li> <li>XENIX 1.1 NABU 1600 Release Note, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 On-Board Monitor, Part FS-1200-XXX, Rev. 1, November 1982</li> <li>Qnix on the Fulcrum Technologies 1600, August 1984</li> </ul> MANUALS, GUIDES, TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer User's Guide, first edition, November 1982, NABU Manufacturing</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer User's Guide, Second edition, September 1983, NABU Manufacturing</li> <li>NABU Basic User's Reference Manual, first edition, September 1984, NABU Network Corp.</li> <li>NABU Network Guide, first edition, November 1982, NABU Manufacturing Corp.</li> <li>CP/M Plus (Operating System) User's Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li>CP/M Plus (Operating System) Programmer's Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li> CP/M Plus (Operating System) System Guide, version 3, Digital Research, 1983</li> <li>Programmer's Utilities Guide For the CP/M Family of Operating Systems , Digital Research, 198?</li> <li>Symbolic Instruction Debugger Productivity Tool Reference Manual for the CP/M-80 Family of Operating Systems , Digital Research, 1981</li> <li>NABU Logo Learner's Guide, Interim Version, NABU Network, 1983</li> <li>NABU PC Disk Drive User's Guide, Interim Version, NABU Network, May 1984</li> <li>The NABU Network: Technical Specifications, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>NABU Personal Computer Application Programmer's Manual, NABU Manufacturing report 50-90020490, June 8, 1984</li> <li>The NABU Network Product Training Kit, NABU Manufacturing, October 10, 1983</li> <li>NABU 3100 Users Manual, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982(?)</li> <li>NABU 1600 User's Operating Guide, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>NABU 1600 MS-DOS User's Guide, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>NABU 1600 Word Processing Reference Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 XENIX Command Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 User's Operating Guide, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 XENIX Pre-Release Technical Supplement, Preliminary Draft, NABU Manufacturing, 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Engineering Specification, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Specification Control Drawing, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 1983</li> <li>NABU 1600 Product Bulletin, NABU Manufacturing Corp.: January 18,  October 02, February 9, February 11, and October 18, 1983</li> <li>Floppy Diskk Drive, NABU Part 10050017-00, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> <li>MS-DOS Quick Regference Card, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> </ul> CORPORATE DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Conference on the Electronic Mall (New York, December 9--10, 1981), December 15, 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Western Cable Show (Anaheim, December 14, 1981), December 14, 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. HOME NABU: A Proposal for the Initial Product Line. August 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. NABU: Proposed Product Planning Process. August 1981</li> <li>D. Sawyer. HOME NABU: Four Perspectives on the Home NABU. 1st draft, August 1981</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corporation. Wood Gundy Ltd. prospectus for a public offering of securities, October 26, 1981</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corp. Financial Statements, 1982</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Report on the Winter Consumer Electronics Show (Las Vegas, January 7--10, 1982), January 15, 1982.</li> <li>Portfolio of early documents describing the NABU Network sent by P.A. Wilson and E.R. Goodwin to S. Paterson, June 9, 1982</li> <li>NABU Introduces Personal Computer, news release, Nabu Manufacturing, May 1982</li> <li>Acquisition of Volker-Craig by NABU Manufacturing Corp., a letter from A. Werenko, VP Sales, Volker-Craig, to distributors, OEM's, and House Accounts, January 29, 1982</li> <li>Volker-Craig Limited Announces Acquisition by NABU Manufacturing Corporation, news release, Volker Craig, January 7, 1982</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis. Broadcast data transmission methods (NABTS, DIDON, etc.). Memorandum, June 8, 1982</li> <li>D. Sawyer. Trip Report on the Winter Consumer Electronics Show (Las Vegas, 1983), January 14, 1983</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis and W.D.M. Sawyer. Cable Computing Comes of Age. Presentation notes for the BNR Old-Boys Club (date unknown, possibly 1983)</li> <li>Consumer/Education Division. Market and Business Analysis, Release 1.0. NABU Manufacturing, August 31, 1983</li> <li>Neil Telling. Products and Services for CATV Products, memorandum (date unknown)</li> <li>NABU and Rogers Launch the NABU Network in Vancouver, news release, NABU Manufacturing, August 18, 1983</li> <li>Rogers Cable TV-Vancouver launches the NABU Network broadcast software service this fall in Vancouver, news release, August 18, 1983</li> <li>NABU Network Corporation Common Shares certificate, February 15, 1984</li> <li>Engineering Change Order, NABU Manufacturing Corp., 198?</li> </ul> PROMOTIONAL MATERIAL <ul> <li>MicroCable Plus: Right for the Times, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li> Introducing MicroCable Plus, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 1982</li> <li>Order Entry/Billing, General Ledger, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Sales Analysis, software promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network... a business so right for cable, promotional brochure, Nabu Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>NABU Manufacturing Corporation, corporate brochure, 1982</li> <li>The NABU 1600: The Beginning of a New Era of Computers, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3116 Video Display Terminal, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3055 Letter Quality Printer, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU 3201 Correspondence Quality Printer, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network: A technological breakthrough. Our technology. Your breakthrough, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>Tune in to a continuing adventure in computer programming, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network, promotional brochure, NABU Manufacturing, 1982</li> </ul> NEWS LETTERS, NETWORK GUIDES, and OTHER PUBLICATIONS <ul> <li>The Hard Copy, vol. 1, no. 1, 2, 4, 1986 (monthly newsletter)</li> <li>The Changing Times, March 1985 (bi-monthly newsletter)</li> <li>The Education Channel, Computers, Children & Education, the education channel guide, NABU Network, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network Content Guide (monthly guide), August 15--September 15, 1984</li> <li>P. O'Connor, NABU: the brains network; in Canadian Bu$iness, March 1982</li> <li>C. Nesbitt, Nabu Manufacturing Corporation, McLeod Young Weir, January 31, 1984</li> <li>Nabu Network price list, August 18, 1983</li> </ul> OTHER DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>NABU's Writer Tutorial, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>NABU CALC application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Fancy Font application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>< Music Maker application program information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Kiddy Park game information pages, original screen print, 198?</li> <li>Fancy Font NABU Network subscription receipts, 1985-1986</li> <li>The NABU Network is changing for you, letter to customers, Richard Haas, NABU Network, August 9, 1985</li> <li>A letter to NABU subscribes, Ottawa CableVision Ltd., October, 1983</li> <li>A letter to NABU subscribes, Ottawa CableVision Ltd., March 16, 1984</li> <li>A letter to a customer regarding purchasing of the NABU CP/M Plus operating system, May 22, 1984.</li> <li>Share the NABU Experience, a note to customers, 198?</li> <li>The NABU Network CCTA Satellite Demonstration, one page handout prepared for the 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983.</li> <li>Correspondence between Terry Shepard and the NABU Network, September-October, 1985</li> <li>Cable Options... We've only just begun. 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983</li> <li>A.M. Chitnis and W.D.M. Sawyer. Cable Computing Comes of Age. In Cable Options... We've only just begun. 26th Annual Convention and CABLEXPO, Calgary Alberta, May 16--19, 1983, pp. 13--19</li> <li>A binder documenting the use of a NABU 1600 system by D.J. Adkinson.</li> </ul> PHOTOGRAPHS and VIDEOS <ul> <li>NABU Personal Computer, a photograph, 1983, CJOK CTV video, 1984</li> <li>Leo Binkowski September 29/84, CJOK CTV video, 1984</li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource <img src="http://museum1.eecs.yorku.ca/www_decorations/nabu_logo.jpg" alt="MCM_logo" width="20%" height="20%" border="0" /> The collection documents the development and installation of the NABU Network created by Nabu Manufacturing. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Zbigniew Stachniak hardware A computer (or a calculator), its components and peripherals (displays, printers, pointing devices, modems, external storage devices, etc). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU 1600 Desktop Computer Subject The topic of the resource hardware: desktop computer Description An account of the resource Historical Context NABU Manufacturing (incorporated in June 1981 in Ottawa) was created through the amalgamation of three companies: Bruce Instruments Ltd. (manufacturer of cable TV converters based in Almonte), MFC Microsystems International Inc. (a distributor of computer hardware and software for small business systems), and Computer Innovations Ltd. (which operated computer retail stores across Canada). Soon after, the company acquired Andicom Technical Products Ltd. (a manufacturer of small business computers based in Toronto), Consolidated Computer Inc. (a manufacturer and distributor of key-edit systems), Mobius Software Ltd. (an Ottawa-based software consulting company), and Volker-Craig (a Kitchener-based manufacturer of video-display terminals). NABU's business plan was to capture a sizable share of the microcomputer market by offering the world's first cable-ready computers and by implementing a novel system for electronic delivery of software and information to home computer users -- the NABU Network. The company announced its network during the 1982 National Cable & Telecommunications Association conference in Las Vegas. In May 1983, the company transmitted its programming via satellite from Ottawa to terminals installed at the 26th Annual Convention of the Canadian Cable Television Association in Calgary. The NABU Network was officially launched on 15 October 1983 on Ottawa Cablevision, an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, Virginia, on Tribune Cable, a 5,000 subscriber service. The launch marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information, software, and digital entertainment directly to homes of personal computer users. While NABU's focus was on cable TV-based delivery of software and data, the company also designed and sold desktop and workstation computers. One of such computers was the NABU 1600 designed by NABU's Andicom brunch. It was a 16-bit multi-user, multi-tasking desktop business computer supporting up to three user terminals. It was released by NABU Manufacturing in 1982. The system consisted of the CPU unit, the mass storage unit, and up to four terminals (e.g. the NABU 4404 terminals). The NABU 1600 technical specifications: <ul> <li>CPU: Intel 8086 at 4.916 MHz,</li> <li> floating-point co-processor: Intel 8087,</li> <li>RAM: 256 Kbytes expandable to 512 Kbytes,</li> <li>ROM: 8 Kbytes,</li> <li>mass storage unit: two diskette or hard drives in a separate unit,</li> <li>hard drive: Seagate ST412, 10 Mbytes (formatted) with Western Digital WD 1001 disk controller,</li> <li>diskette drive: Tandon TM 100-4,</li> <li>diskettes: 5.25 inch, double-sided, double-density, 800 Kbytes,</li> <li>communications: synchronous, aynchronous, 4 RS 323C ports.</li> </ul> Software: <ul> <li>operating systems: MS-DOS, Xenix, and CP/M-86,</li> <li>programming languages: C, FORTRAN, BASIC, Pasal, COBOL,</li> <li>applications: DOC text editor, Q-Mail (mail software), Q-Spell (spell checker), electronic spreadsheet, accounting, database management.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NABU Manufacturing Corp., NABU Network Corp. Type The nature or genre of the resource Hardware Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context H.28 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1986 Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No microcomputer NABU NABU 1600 https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/86d443778d79c582070622e03427504d.png 69baf23bcf8c02e9f60dfa9f9f4dbb3e hardware A computer (or a calculator), its components and peripherals (displays, printers, pointing devices, modems, external storage devices, etc). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU Adaptor Subject The topic of the resource computer hardware: network adapter Description An account of the resource Historical context The growing popularity of home and personal computing in the late 1970s and early 1980s created a vibrant software industry supplying microcomputer users with a vast range of software products. During that period, the main form of the commercial microcomputer software distribution was packaged software sold in computer stores and outlets in the form of ROM cartridges, tape cassettes, and floppy diskettes. Even though the prices of personal and home computers were falling sharply in the early 1980s, the cost of good quality software remained the same reflecting, in part, high distribution costs. Electronic distribution of software directly into homes of computer owners originated in the second half of the 1970s. It was a novel, fast, and cost-effective alternative to packaged software's expensive, long, and multi-stage delivery process. A computer or a video game console owner could subscribe to an electronic distribution of software service (EDS service) that and gain an electronic access to software and data for a low monthly fee (of, approximately, the cost of a single commercial packaged software). By the early 1980s, several North American and European companies were already distributing software using common communication links (such radio waves, cable television (CATV), or telephone networks). While Europe was experimenting with EDS via teletext and videotex television services, several North American companies were looking into using CATV's superior high-speed digital information delivery capability for the purpose of mass-market distribution of home and recreational software. By the early 1980s, a large percentage of urban households in North America had a direct link to cable TV. Furthermore, a strong growth of the home computer and video game console markets was projected until at least mid-1980s. Such forecasts supported the prospects of vast new sources of revenues for cable providers derived from bundling EDS with other CATV-based nonprogramming services. The NABU Network was possibly the most advanced and foremost among the early CATV-based EDS services. It was a brainchild of a Canadian entrepreneur John Kelly. The NABU Manufacturing Corp., which would spawn the NABU Network Corp., was incorporated in June 1981. It was initially created through the amalgamation of three companies: Bruce Instruments Ltd. (manufacturer of cable TV converters based in Almonte), MFC Microsystems International Inc. (a distributor of computer hardware and software for small business systems), and Computer Innovations Ltd. (which operated computer retail stores across Canada). Soon after, NABU Manufacturing acquired Andicom Technical Products Ltd. (a manufacturer of small business computers based in Toronto), Consolidated Computer Inc. (a manufacturer and distributor of key-edit systems), Mobius Software Ltd. (an Ottawa-based software consulting company), and Volker-Craig (a Kitchener-based manufacturer of video-display terminals). NABU's business plan was to capture a sizable share of the microcomputer market by offering the world's first cable-ready computers and by implementing a new delivery method for software and information -- the NABU Network. The company announced its network during the 1982 National Cable & Telecommunications Association conference in Las Vegas. In May 1983, the company transmitted its programming via satellite from Ottawa to terminals installed at the 26th Annual Convention of the Canadian Cable Television Association in Calgary. The transmission used the ANIK-D1 satellite, and it was a live feed from Ottawa. The NABU Network was officially launched on 15 October 1983 on Ottawa Cablevision, an 85,000-subscriber company where much of NABU's testing was performed. Soon thereafter, the network made its US debut in Alexandria, Virginia, on Tribune Cable, a 5,000 subscriber service. The launch marked the creation of the first commercial computer network to provide high-speed access to information, software, and digital entertainment directly to homes of personal computer users. The network was based on the concept of computers linked to cable television networks which could supply a constant stream of computer programs and information to almost unlimited number of users at high speed. NABU considered cable television a uniquely ideal technology to deliver software and data to home computers because of its high bandwidth and networking capabilities. To access NABU Network, customers had to purchase or rent a NABU Personal Computer (NABU PC) and a network adaptor that provided an interface between the NABU PC and the CATV's dedicated channel. The network provided its subscribers with a multi tier service that offered software and information in a range of categories, including entertainment, education, family information, home management, and a network guide. The November-December 1984 issue of The NABU Network magazine lists over 140 titles available on Ottawa Cablevision's NABU Network. In Ottawa, NABU program listings were available online (on NABU's Network Guide) as well as in local newspapers and dedicated NABU magazines. The NABU PC could be operated as a stand-alone desktop computer. For this purpose, NABU supplied its customers with Digital Research CP/M 3 operating system and floppy disk drives. Because of the company's financial difficulties, unfavourable market conditions, and regulatory constraints, the NABU Network went off the air on 31 August 1986 in both Ottawa and Alexandria. Rights to exploit commercial applications of NABU Network technology--that is, to selling the technology to corporations that could provide their own content--were vested in International Datacasting Corp. created in 1984. The NABU Adaptor -- overview The NABU Adaptor (NA) was a high-speed (6.312 Mbps), addressable communications device which interfaced a NABU PC with a CATV NABU channel allowing an access to digital data provided by NABU Network to its subscribers. Such data was either processed by the adaptor for its own internal use (e.g. for updating subscription information) or passed on to the NABU PC. NA was equipped with a signal splitter allowing cable signal to be fed simultaneously to the NABU PC and to the subscriber's TV set. Because the NABU PC was designed primarily to use a TV set as a display, this arrangement permitted easy switching from the PC operations over to normal TV broadcast (this was accomplished using the TV/NABU key located on the computer's keyboard). NAs contained several dedicated memories. Each NA had a unique digital address stored in address memory at time of manufacture. This address allowed NABU Network operators to send short messages and instructions to, for instance, authorize or de-authorize the subscriber to receive programs in specific service tiers. Tire authorization data was stored in NA's tire authorization memory. Such data was updated by NABU Network operators by transmitting tire information to specific NA addresses. Each NA could be authorized for up to 31 tiers. Finally, NA's message memory was designed to store short messages for electronic mail service. NA's front panel featured  four LED indicators: POWER, CABLE, LINK, MESSAGE. They allowed to detect possible malfunctioning of a subscriber's system and could help cable operators to diagnose the system remotely. The museum has two NABU Adaptors: <ul> <li>model number NA-2, serial number 005420,</li> <li>model number NP-2, serial number 0014291.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NABU Manufacturing Corp., NABU Network Corp. Relation A related resource NABU Network Collection Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context H.7 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1983-1986, Ottawa (Canada), Alexandria (US), and Sowa (Japan) Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Adaptor NABU https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/729accd4102fc86eff421c987dde8070.png 6fe6af6af8db4cd3569a313dfa2d290b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NABU 1100 Computer System Subject The topic of the resource hardware: computer system Description An account of the resource Historical context The NABU 1100 system was manufactured by NABU Manufacturing Corp. in the early 1980s. The system consisted of the the NABU 1100 computer (designed by Toronto-based Andicom -- one of the companies amalgamated into NABU) and the NABU 4404 display terminal (designed and manufctured by Volcer-Craig Ltd. -- another Canadian company merged into NABU). Apart from being sold to Canadian customers through the Ottawa-based Computer Innovations retail stores (which become part of NABU as well), the system was internally used as software development platform for the NABU Network -- a novel cable TV-based delivery method for software and information using world's first cable-ready computers. The NABU 1100 computer hardwer was hosted in a large cabinet with casters on it for manoeuverability. A drawer at the bottom of the cabinet was provided to store software and manuals. The NABU 4404 display terminal was a stand-alone, ASCII, serial asynchronous computer peripheral that could be connected to any computer equipped with an RSC232C interface. NABU recommended other display terminals to be used with the NABU 1100 computer as well, such as the NABU 404, 3100, and 4416 terminals. NABU 1100 technical specifications <ul> <li>Bus: S-100</li> <li>CPU: Zilog Z80A CPU at 4 MHz</li> <li>RAM: 62 Kbytes</li> <li>ROM: 2 Knytes</li> <li>card slots for: CPU board (ACP-1101) floppy disk controller board (AFC-1100), I/O board (AIO-1100), and memory board (ADM-1000), and additional 4 user supplied boards</li> <li>external storage: two buil-in 8" Shugart diskette drives (SA850), double sided, capacity = 1600 Kbytes (unformated)</li> <li>ports: two RS-232C serial I/O, and parallel I/O</li> </ul> NABU 4404 Terminal specifications <ul> <li>CPU: Zilog Z80A</li> <li>display: 12" anti-glare, 24 lines, 80 characters per line, normal or revers video</li> <li>keyboard: detachable, QWERTY, upper/lower case characters</li> <li>8 switches to control the screen display</li> <li>ports: EIA RS232C communications interface</li> <li>data rates: from 110 up to 19200 baud</li> <li>options: serial and parallel interfaces, numeric key-pad and function keys, APL character set, ccoloured anti-glare display screen (amber or green)</li> </ul> NABU 1100 software and documentation <ul> <li>CP/M operating system,</li> <li>NABU 1100 User's Manual, Manufacturing Corp., 1981December 1981,</li> <li>The NABU 1100 System: A Technical Guide, Nabu Manufacturing Corp., 1981,</li> <li>VOLKER-CRAIG User's Manual, VC4404 The CHAT Video Display Terminal, Volker-Craig/NABU, Rev. 3, March 1982,</li> <li>VC4404 Video Display Terminal, Service Manual, Volker-Craig, 198?</li> <li>SA850/851 Bi-Compliant Double Sided Diskette Storage Drive Service Manual, Shugart,</li> <li>NABU 3100 Users Manual, NABU Commercial Terminals Ltd., 198?</li> <li>NABU 3100 Service Manual (preliminary), NABU Commercial Terminals Ltd. August 3, 1983.</li> </ul> The museum has a NABU 1100  computer with the above mentioned software and documentation as well as NABU 4404 and 404 terminals. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NABU Manufacturing Corp. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context H.16 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available donated by D.J. Knigh Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada, 1980-1986 https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/6b7adeb146e3cdc89fcdddfdd9971429.jpg 62217fd7a8fc5f1aba1209e665ddac3e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource APL Collection Subject The topic of the resource <img src="http://museum1.eecs.yorku.ca/www_decorations/apl_logo.gif" alt="Logo" width="15%" height="15%" border="0" /> APL programming language resources at York University Computer Museum. The collection includes APL resources developed by Iverson Software, Soliton Associates, and STSC. See also the I.P. Sharp Associates  and the Micro Computer Machines  collections. Description An account of the resource The origin of the APL programming language is Kenneth Iverson's mathematical notation that he developed in the late 1950s and subsequently published in 1962 in his seminal work A Programming Language. While at IBM, Iverson converted his notation into a programming language (to be known as APL) with the help of Philip Abrams, Lawrence Breed, Adin Falkoff,  Dick Lathwell, and Roger Moore. The first implementation of APL was released by IBM in 1965. In the 1970s, APL conferences and meetings, publications and APL interest groups, as well as "I Like APL" stickers and buttons, T-shirts and songs, transformed the initial curiosity about APL into an unprecedented cultural phenomenon. Abbreviations: RB: items donated by Robert Bernecky RPr: material donated by Richard Procter PH: items donated by Peter Henderson KI: items donated by Kenneth Iverson WK: items donated by William Kindree RP: items donated by Roland Pesch RPr: items donated by Richard Proctor GR: items donated by Gord Ramer E2: items donated by Edward Edwards estate KK: items donated by Kathy Knight RP: items donated by Elliot Russell DM: items donated by David Markwick ZS: items donated by Zbigniew Stachniak RISL: Reuters Information Services (Canada) Limited SAL: Soliton Associates Limited DSH, PHa: items donated by David Stewart Hosier and Paul Hansuld SOFTWARE <ul> <li>SAPL370, IPSA [RB]</li> <li>SHARP APL/PCX ver. 1, SHARP APL Release 17, IPSA, 1985 (three 5.25" diskettes). [RB]</li> <li>SHARP APL/PC ver. 1, SHARP APL Release 17, IPSA, 1985 (two 5.25" diskettes). [RB]</li> <li>TRYAPL2, IBM (1989) (one 5.25" diskette). [ER]</li> <li>SQLAPL Client for Dyalog APL/W, ver. 2.0.8, Insight Systems ApS; includes SQAPL/Client ver 2.0 Installation Guide For Dyalog APL/W, ver. 2.0.6, Insight Systems ApS, January 1995. [DSH,PHa]</li> </ul> SOFTWARE MANUALS, REFERENCE CARDS, and GUIDES <ul> <li>HP 3000 Series II Computer System: APL\3000 Reference Manual, Hewlett Packard (September 1976). [E2]</li> <li>Harris APL Reference Card, Harris Computer Systems (December 1978).[E2]</li> <li>APL.68000 Reference Card, The Computer Company, Micro APL Systems (October 1981).[E2]</li> <li>APL*MYRIADE Reference Card, Oliver Ouellet & Morin (1982).[E2]</li> <li>AP747, ODBC Auxiliary Processor for Dyalog APL/W Reference Manual, ver. 1.1, Lingo Allegro USA, Inc. (1999).</li> <li>3.0 Reference Manual, APL+Win, APL2000 Inc. (1999). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>3.5 Update Manual, APL+Win, APL2000 Inc. (1999). [DSH, PHa]</li> </ul> TECHNICAL LITERATURE <ul> <li>A.D. Falkoff, K.E. Iverson, and E.H. Sussenguth, A Formal Description of SYSTEM/360, IBM Systems Journal vol. 3, no. 3, (1964), pp. 198--262. [KK]</li> <li>R.H. Lathwell and J.E. Mezei, A Formal Description of APL, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center Technical Report no. 320-3008 (November 1971). [WK]</li> <li>APL\360-OS and APL\s60-DOS User's Manual, Program Product, 5734-XM6(OS) and 5736-XM6(DOS), IBM (1973). [DM]</li> <li>APL Shared Variables (APLSV), Design Objectives, program number 5799-AJF, Programming RPQ #WE1191, IBM (1973). [WK]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, A Programming Language, John Wiley and Sons, New York, London (1962). [WK]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, Operators and Functions, IBM Research Report RC 7091, #30399 (26 April, 1978). [WK]</li> <li>The Analogic APL Machine (preliminary), Analogic (1983). [WK]</li> <li>APL System Manual: Shared Variables, DOSX, ACOM, FSCR, Iverson Software (1991). [ZS]</li> </ul> IVERSON SOFTWARE <ul> <li>Status of J, Iverson Software (199?). [ER]</li> <li>J ver. 1 (software), Iverson Software (July 9, 1990). [RB]</li> <li>R. Hui, J Implementation Status (version 2.8) (14 Nov., 1990). [ER]</li> <li>J for the Atari ST: Installation and Start-Up Procedure, Iverson Software (30 Nov., 1990). [ER]</li> <li>Iverson Software Inc. Company Overview (26 Feb., 1991) [ER]</li> <li>Iverson Software Inc. News, issues: February 1991, April 1992 [ER], and October 1992 [KI]</li> <li>APLI386, Iverson Software (24 November, 1991). [KI]</li> <li>APLIWIN, Iverson Software (24 November 1991). [KI]</li> <li>APLI386, Iverson Software (2 April, 1992). [ZS]</li> <li>APLI386, (software) Iverson Software (24 Nov., 1991). [ZS]</li> <li>ISIAPL03 (software), Iverson Software (1991). [RB]</li> <li>ISIAPL04.DOC, Iverson Software (30 March, 1991). [RB]</li> <li>ISIAPL04 (software), Iverson Software (1991). [RB]</li> <li>APLI386 (software), Iverson Software (1992). [ZS]</li> <li>J-PC386 (software), Iverson Software (1992). [ZS]</li> <li>Iverson Software Product Catalogs: February 1991 and April 1992. [ER]</li> <li>APLWIN (software), Iverson Software (24 Nov. 1991). [ZS]</li> <li>APLWIN (software), Iverson Software (1994). [ZS]</li> <li>Iverson Software Inc. Catalog (January, 1993). [ZS]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, ISI Dictionary of J, Iverson Software (1991). [RP]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, An Introduction to J, Iverson Software (1992). [RP]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, J Introduction & Dictionary, Iverson Software (1993). [RB]</li> </ul> SOLITON ASSOCIATES [Box SAL]      1991-1993 <ul> <li>MAILBOX. Steward's Guide, Version 9.3 Update, SAL (1993).</li> <li>MAILBOX. Installation Guide, Version 9.3 Update, SAL (1993).</li> <li>VIEWPOINT 2.3.2. Instruction Sheet, SAL (May 1993).</li> <li>Soliton News releases: Toronto, May 1993; Toronto, July 19, 1993; Toronto, August 16, 1993.</li> <li>Soliton Associates, company information, Soliton (19??). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL, Put the power to work for you, promotional document), Soliton (19??). [PH]</li> </ul>      1994 <ul> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. MVSLink 1.5 Installation Guide, SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. MVSLink 1.5 Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance Guide, SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Guide for APL Programmers, Version 21, SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. IMVS 1.0. Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance Guide. Version 21, SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Internal and Operational Changes, Version 21, SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. QMSF 1.0. Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance Guide., SAL (1994).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. System Administrator's Guide, Version 21, SAL (1994). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. System Maintenance Guide, Version 21, SAL (1994). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Utilities Manual, Version 21, SAL (1994). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL 370, SHARP APL/PC, Pocket Reference, Pocket Reference, Soliton (1994). [PH]</li> <li>Document Interchange System. Upgrade Instructions, Soliton (1994). [PH]</li> </ul>      1995 <ul> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Application Software Products Installation Instruction, SAL (1995) [PH].</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. File System Update, Version 21.2, SAL (1995).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Performance Package Upgrade Guide, SAL (1995).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Performance Package, Internal and Operational Changes, SAL (1995).</li> <li>SHARP APL Connectivity. NSVP User's Guide, MVS Version, UNIX Version, SAL (1995). [PH]</li> <li>Socket Client Library: System Administrator's Guide, SAL (199?).</li> <li>Socket Interface User's Guide, v. 1.1, SAL (1995).</li> <li>MAILBOX/3270. User's Guide, ver. 2.2, SAL (1995).</li> <li>MAILBOX/3270. Installation Guide, ver. 2.2, SAL (1995).</li> <li>MAILBOX/3270. Summary of Changes, ver. 2.2, SAL (1995).</li> </ul>      1996-67 <ul> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. ATH/F User's Guide, ver. 1.1, Soliton (1996). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Interface to MVS JES, Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance Guide, ver. 22, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. NSVP. User Guide, ver. 1.4, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. NSVP LU6.2 Device Driver Installation Guide, ver. 1.4, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. NsvpX Installation Guide, ver. 2.4, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. NSVP. Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance, ver. 1.4, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. System Maintenance Guide, Version 22, SAL (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. SysScan:Inventory User's Guide, ver. 1.5, SAL (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Upgrade Guide, ver. 22, Soliton (1997). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL 370, SHARP APL/PC, Pocket Reference, Pocket Reference, Soliton (1996). [PH]</li> <li>ViewPoint, Administrator's Guide, Soliton (1996). [PH]</li> <li>Document Interchange System. Upgrade Guide, ver. 1.2, Soliton (1996). [PH]</li> </ul>      1998-99 <ul> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. CONH. Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance, ver. 2.0, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. CONH. Upgrade Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. System Administrator's Guide, ver. 22, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. TSIO User's Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. TSIO Upgrade Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. AVAM Upgrade Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. AVAM Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance, ver. 2.0, SAL (1998). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Socket Interface Installation Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Socket Interface User's Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Socket Interface Upgrade Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. Socket Interface Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>Mike Symes, SHARP APL Socket Server Manager (SSM), SAL(?) (1 November, 1998).</li> <li>Mike Symes, The HTTP server, SAL(?), (13 November, 1998).</li> <li>SHARP APL for MVS. BSCD Upgrade Guide, ver. 2.0, SAL (1999). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for VMS, Supervisory Manual, SAL (1999).</li> </ul>      2000 <ul> <li>REMOVE(?) SHARP APL, Socket Client Library, User's Guide, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL, Socket Client Library, System Administrator's Guide, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>Auxiliary Processors Manual (Revised Contents), SHARP APL for MVS, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. APLMON User's Guide, ver. 3.3, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Batch Task User's Guide, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>REMOVE SHARP APL for OS/390. Messages and Codes, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. NSVP TCP/IP Device Driver Installation Guide, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. SHARP APL Telnet Server. Configuration, Operation, and Maintenance , ver. 1.0, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. System Maintenance Guide, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. System Administrator's Guide, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. SVP Configuration, Operation and Maintenance, ver. 3.0, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Usage Inquiry System User's Guide, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Utilities Manual, ver. 23, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Pocket Reference , SAL (2000). [RPr]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. MAILBOX Upgrade Guide, ver. 9.4, SAL (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for Unix, ver. 6, Soliton (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for Unix, Upgrade Guide, version 6.0, SAL (2000). [RPr]</li> <li>SHARP APL for Unix, Intrinsic Functions Manual, File System Manual, Auxiliary Processors Manual, Shared Variable Manual, ver. 6, Soliton (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for Unix, Handbook/em>, ver. 6, Soliton (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for Unix, Language Guide, ver. 6, Soliton (2000). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390, Pocket Reference, Soliton (2000). [PH]</li> </ul>       2001-- <ul> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390, Socket Client Library, User's Guide, ver. 1.1 SAL (2001). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390, Guide for APL Programmers, ver. 23 (2001). [DSH,PHa]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Internal and Operational Changes, ver. 23. Soliton (2001). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. V23 Documentation, (CD Rom, corrupted?). Soliton (2001). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390, V23 Documentation (and other current non-V23 documentation) (CD Rom). Soliton (2001-2015). [PH]</li> <li>SHARP APL for OS/390. Upgrade Guide, ver. 23. Soliton (2001). [PH]</li> <li>Messages and Codes, ver. 23. Soliton (2001). [PH]</li> <li>REMOVE ?? SHARP APL for MVS. Guide for APL Programmers, Version 21 SAL (2001).</li> <li>ViewPoint for Unix, ver. 1.2 (CD Rom), Soliton (2001). [PH]</li> </ul> STSC Inc. <ul> <li>APL*PLUS/PC Programmer's Reference Manual, release 1, C.L. Kiernan and D. Michelson (eds), STSC Inc. (1982). [ZS]</li> <li>APL*PLUS/PC Application Development System, Additions and Corrections to the Documentation, version 2,  STSC Inc. (December 28, 1982).[ZS]</li> <li>APL*PLUS/PC Application Development System, Additions and Corrections to the Documentation, version 2.6,  STSC Inc. (March 14, 1983). [ZS]</li> <li>APL*PLUS/PC System, Programmer's Manual, C.L. Kiernan, D. Michelson, and J.M. Spencer (eds), STSC Inc. (1983). [ZS]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Programmer's Manual, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS/PC System, Installation Manual, C.L. Kiernan, D. Michelson, and J.R. Turner (eds), STSC Inc. (1983) (includes APL*PLUS/PC software). [ZS]</li> <li>APL*PLUS/PC System, Formatting User's Guide, C.L. Kiernan, D. Michelson, and J.M. Spenser (eds), STSC Inc. (1983).</li> <li>A Personal Language, The APL*PLUS, System and You, STSC Inc. (1986). [ZS]</li> <li>Ch.H. Lee, APL*PLUS System for PC, Quick Reference Guide, STSC (1988). [PH]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Reference Manual, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS II/386 Quick Reference Guide, ver. 5, Manugistics (1992). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Getting Started, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, File System Tutorial, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Formating Tutorial, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Editors Tutorial, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Graphics Tutorial, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, Screen Development Tutorial, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for the PC software: APL System 8.0, Session Manager 8.0, Utilities 8.0, Drivers 8.0, Character Support 8.0, Help/Tutorials 8.0. [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS System for PC, User's Guide, STSC (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>QPACK, SHARP APL Packages for use with APL-LAB/PC or STSC APL*PLUS/PC, Product 341, IPSA (1987). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL*PLUS UNIX System, promotional brochure, STSC (1986). [DSH, PHa]</li> </ul> APL2 <ul> <li>J.A. Brown, The Principles of APL2, Technical Report TR 03.247, Santa Teresa Laboratory, San Jose, CA (March 1984). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL2, IBM (1984). [E2]</li> <li>Try APL2 for free, ver. 1.05, IBM (1989/1990). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>Workstation APL2 for Multiplatforms, ver. 2.0, product announcement, IBM (October 2002). [ZS]</li> <li>Workstation APL2 for Mainframes, ver. 2.0, release 2, product announcement, IBM (October 2002). [ZS]</li> <li>J.A. Brown, S. Pakin, and R.P. Polivka, APL2 At a Glance, Prentice Hall (1988).</li> <li>Today's APL2, IBM (1 September, 1994). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL2 Installed User Program, IBM (1982).[E2]</li> <li>IBM Announces APL2 for the RISC System/6000, IBM promotional brochure (September 1991). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>The APL2 Family of Products, IBM (1993). [DSH, PHa]</li> </ul> TORONTO APL SIG <ul> <li>Toronto APL SIG Newsletter, issue 2 and 3 (1990)[DSH,PHa]; Issue 6 (1991) [ER]; issue 9 (June 1993). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>Toronto SIG APL Newsletter, issue 1 (1991). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li> Toronto APL SIG Membership List (January 1992). [ER]</li> <li>Toronto APL SIG Quiz (199?). [ER]</li> <li>Gimme Arrays! newsletter for the Toronto Local Chapter of the ACM Special Interest Group on APL, vol. 1, no. 1(1993) to vol. 2, no. 6 (1995) [DSH, PHa]; R.L.W. Brown, Functional Programing in J for Operations Research, Gimme Arrays! Special Supplement (November 1994).  [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>The Toronto APL Special Interest Group presentatoin announcements (1987--). [DSH, PHa].</li> </ul> <ul></ul> BOOKS, RESEARCH PAPERS, ARTICLES <ul> <li>L.M Breed and R.H. Lathwell, The Implementation of APL\360, in Proc. of the ACM Symposium on Experimental Systems for Interactive Applied Mathematics, ACM (1967). [E2]</li> <li>J.A. Brown, A Generalization of APL, PhD thesis, Syracuse University (September 1971).</li> <li>P. Berry, APL\360 Primer, IBM GH20-0689-2 (1971). [RP]</li> <li>E. M. Edwards and W.R. Tinga, An APL Complex Arithmetic Package, Electrical Engineering Dep. technical report, U. of Alberta, October 1970. [WK]</li> <li>E.M. Edwards, Easy as APL 01: An Introduction to APL, Computing Science Dept. technical report, Simon Fraser University (1979). [E2]</li> <li>E.M. Edwards, Generalized Arrays (Lists) in APL, Canadian Development Div ision, Control Data Corp. (197?). [E2]</li> <li>R.K.W. Hui, An Implementation of J, Iverson Software (1992). [RB]</li> <li>A.D. Falkoff and K.E. Iverson, Communication in APL Systems, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center, Tech Report No. 320-3022 (May 1973). [WK]</li> <li>A.D. Falkoff and K.E. Iverson, The Design of APL, J. Res. Develop., IBM, (July 1973). [WK]</li> <li>A.D. Falkoff and K.E. Iverson, TSIO Reference Manual, APL Shared Variable System, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center (1973). [WK]</li> <li>A.D. Falkoff and K.E. Iverson, APLSV User's Manual, APL Shared Variable System, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center (1973). [WK]</li> <li>L. Gilman and A.J. Rose, APL\360, An Interactive Approach, John Wiley & Sons (1970). [WK]</li> <li>IBM Journal of research and development, vol. 17 no. 4 (July 1973). [York]</li> <li>Finn APL Pocket Idiom Library, Finish APL Association, Helsinki (1982). [RPr]</li> <li>Studies in APL: Algebra, Scan, Arithmetic, Permutations, IBM Tech. Report no. 320-3023 (June 1973). [RP]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, ALGEBRA: An Algorithmic Treatment, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Co. (1972). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, Introducing APL to Teachers, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center, Tech Report No. 320-3014 (July 1972). [WK]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, APL as an Analytical Notation, IBM Philadelphia Scientific Center (1973). [WK]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, Elementary Analysis, APL Press (1976). [RP]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, APL in Exposition, APL Press (1976). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, A Commentary on APL Development, publisher unknown (1988). [RP]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, Tangible Math: SHARP APL/IBM PC Version, Iverson Software, (September 1989). [ZS]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, APL Reference Manual, Iverson Software, Soliton Associates Ltd. (1993). [RB]</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, Notation as a Tool of Thought, 1979 ACM Turing Award Lecture, Communications of the ACM, vol. 23 (August 1980).</li> <li>K.E. Iverson, A personal view of APL, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 30 no 4 (1991). [KI]</li> <li>R. Mailette, A. Blanchard, and R. Lemieux, Graphical Representation of Surfaces in APL, Defence Research Establischment, Valcartier (April 1974).</li> <li> E. McDonnell, At Play with J, The complete Vector articles, Vector Books (2009). [RB]</li> <li>Programming Language APL, second draft proposal, L.A. Morrow (ed), International Standards Organization, document nr. ISO TC97/SC5 N811 DP-8485 (20 March, 1985). [E2]</li> <li>E. Presutto, The York APL Command Processor for TSO, (197?). [ZS]</li> <li>M. Smyth, York APL, Ryerson Polytechnic Institute, Toronto (1972). [GR]</li> </ul> MAGAZINES, NEWSLETTERS <ul> <li>APL Quote Quad, ACM holdings: vol. 1, no. 4 (1970) to vol. 3, no. 4 (1972) [E2]; vol. 6 (1975) -- vol. 8 (1978) [WK]; vol. 9 (1978) -- vol. 12 (1982); vol. 13 (1982) -- Vol. 22, no. 2 (1991) [RPr]; vol. 23, no.  1 and 2 (1992) [RP]; vol. 24, no. 1 (1993)[DSH, PHa]; vol. 25, no. 1--4 (1994) [DSH, PHa]; vol. 26, no. 1 and 4 (1995-96) [DSH, PHa]; vol. 29, no. 2 (1998) [DSH, PHa]; vol. 30, no. 3 (2000) [DSH, PHa].</li> <li>The 1989 ACM SIGAPL Index of APL Articles, APL Quote Quad (1990). [RP]</li> <li>The 1990 ACM SIGAPL Index of APL Articles, APL Quote Quad (1991). [RP]</li> <li>SHARE*APL\360 Newsletter, no 1, G.H. Foster (ed) (April 1969) [E2].</li> <li>The APL Interpreter, The Computer Company; issues: Summer 1982 [E2] and Spring 1983 [GR], Winter 1983[DSH,PHa]; Spring 1984[DSH,PHa].</li> <li>APL Market Newsletter, second, third, and fourth quarter (1981)[DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL Market News; holdings: issues 9-12 (1981)[DSH, PHa]; issue 15 (1984)[DSH, PHa]; vol. 17 nr. 1 and  2 (1985).[E2, DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL News (formerly APL Market News), Springer; holdings: issue 13, 14 (1983), Southwater Corp; vol. 17, no. 1--3 (1985); vol. 18, no. 1, 2, 4 (1986); vol. 19, no. 1--4 (1987); vol. 20, no. 1--3 (1988);  vol. 21, no. 1--3 (1989); vol. 22, no. 2, 3 (1990); vol. 23, no. 1 (1991), Springer International.</li> <li>APL News, APL Press; holdings: no. 11 (1976) and 7 (1978) [WK]; no. 8 (April 1982).</li> <li>APL*PLUS Service News, STSC, Inc.; holdings: vol. 6, issue 2 (April-June 1982).[E2]</li> <li>Toronto APL SIG Newsletter, Issue 6 (March 1991) [ER]</li> <li>ISI News, (April 1992). [ER]</li> </ul> PROMOTIONAL LITERATURE, PRODUCT ANNOUNCEMENTS <ul> <li>Total Solution APL: New APL software and CRT terminal for HP 3000 Series II Computer, Hewlett Packard (September 1976). [E2]</li> <li>APL Display Station (Preliminary), Hewlett Packard (September 1976). [E2]</li> <li>APL\3000 Language Subsystem, Hewlett Packard (October 1976). [E2]</li> <li>APL*Myriade, Oliver Ouellet and Morin Inc. (1982). [E2]</li> <li>SPECTRUM: A 16-BIT APL Microcomputer using the Motorola 68000, MicroAPL Ltd. (198?). [E2]</li> <li>VIZ::APL, product announcement and price list, APL Inner Product Ltd. (198?). [E2]</li> <li>A Programming Language (APL), Burroughs announcement of its APL/700 for the B6700 and B7700 systems (197?). [WK]</li> <li>Scorpion, the World's First Fully Portable 16-bit APL Microcomputer, Micro APL (1982). [E2]</li> <li>The APL Machine: The High Performance APL Computer, Analogic Corp. (1983). [E2]</li> <li>APL2000 Rapid Application Development, APL2000 Inc. (199?). [ZS]</li> <li>APL.68000 Microcomputer Interpreter, ver. 3.2, The Computer Company (April 1983). [GR]</li> <li>TIS-APL: the only alternative, TIS-APL promotional materials, Telecompute Integrated Systems Inc. (198?). [ZS]</li> </ul> MISCELLANEOUS <ul> <li>Proceedings of the APL Conference, York University, January 27, 1972. [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL Language, IBM GC26-3847-4, File No. S370-22, fifth edition (July 1978). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>APL Comparison Chart, Harris Computer Systems (March 30, 1981). [E2]</li> <li>A December 5, 1996 letter from Prof. P. Medow to Senate Sub-Committee on Honorary Degrees and Ceremonials, York University, regarding Kenneth Iverson's honorary doctorate.</li> <li>APL Twenty-fifth Anniversary, IBM Systems Jpurnal, vol. 30, no 4. (1991). [DSH, PHa]</li> <li>dyalog APL/W for the Microsoft .net Framework, promotional brochure, Dyadic Systems Ltd. (19??)</li> <li>The APL Toolkit, A Collection of APL Functions, first edition, Canadian Information Processing Society, APL Special Interest Group (September 1985). [DSH, PHa]</li> </ul> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-- Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zbigniew Stachniak Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource APL Blossom Time Subject The topic of the resource APL Pioners Description An account of the resource From the cover It is a recording "dedicated to the pioneers of APL with respect and affection by J.C.L GUEST" From Smart Arays http://smartarrays.com/downloads/aplblossomtime/aplblossomtime.html "APL Blossom Time was written by Mike Montalbano from the IBM Santa Teresa Laboratory in 1981. He published this and other writings under the name J. C. L. Guest. It was performed live at APL 81 in San Francisco. A studio recording was made by Jim Brown and made available on a 45 RPM record by APL PRESS". Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Music Share Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Donated by James Brown Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available APL Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Michele Montalbano Relation A related resource APL collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 45 RPM record Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource 45 RPM record Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context APL box C2 APL https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/8dacd22e5adf510b3b51fdc13fbda8a6.JPG 4901f74afb74300216691918a7e69f29 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multiflex Video Display Terminal Kit Subject The topic of the resource computer hardware: video display terminal Description An account of the resource Historical Context: Multiflex Technology Inc. was one of the companies of the Exceltronix group controlled by Eugen Hutka. In 1979, Hutka founded Exceltronix with its retail office at 319 College Street in Toronto. In the early 1980s, Multiflex was developing complete computer systems based on the Zilog Z80, Motorola 68000, and Intel 8086 processors together with a variety of peripheral and expansion cards. The company also manufactured stand-alone intelligent terminals, video display kits, as well as a range of other electronic products including peripheral and expansion cards for the Apple ][ computer. In 1984, Multiflex designed its first in the line of BEST computers compatible with the IBM PC and AT desktops, making Exceltronix one of the largest Canadian manufacturers of microcomputers of the 1980s. Multiflex Video Display Terminal Kit -- technical description (from the Exceltronix Catalogue Supplement, Spring 1983): The video display terminal is "originally designed as a low cost access unit for our [Exceltronix] soon to be operational computerized mail-ordering and bulletin board system." The terminal "is controlled by a Z80A microprocessor and a 6845 CRT controller chip. The keyboard is fully ASCII encoded and the character generator contains the full 128-character set as well as a 128-character alternate set both of which are in 5x7 dot matrix format. The screen display is 80 characters by 24 lines if the unit is hooked to an external monitor or 64 by 24 if run through an RF modulator to a TV. There are 3 software selectable attributes (dim, reverse video, and alternate character set) which can be chosen one at a time for the whole screen... Also included are 2 RS232 ports: one for a modem and one so that a printer can be attached to the terminal... The MULTIFLEX Video Display Terminal has provisions for an on board modem freeing a serial port." The Multiflex Video Display Terminal Kit was offered in 1982 and sold by Exceltronix. The museum has a complete Multiflex Video Display Terminal Kit as well a Multiflex Video Display board (without a built-in keyboard) and a keyboard in a separate enclosure. For more information on the Multiflex Video Display Terminal Kit visit this <a href="https://github.com/rcl9/MultiFlex-Z80-H19-Terminal-Emulation-ROMs">GitHub link.</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Multiflex Technology Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-- Type The nature or genre of the resource computer hardware Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MULTIFLEX03 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada, 1980s https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/52a8c7d340dccbfb458b2daadc6fbb46.jpg f4cc414c041f97851aa26ceb98853939 hardware A computer (or a calculator), its components and peripherals (displays, printers, pointing devices, modems, external storage devices, etc). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multiflex Z80 Computer Kit Subject The topic of the resource computer hardware: microcomputer Description An account of the resource Historical Context: Multiflex Z80 Computer Kit was a Canadian-made, low-cost computer designed around the Z80 microprocessor by Multiflex Technology Inc. and sold by Exceltronix Components and Computing of Toronto. Its early version, offered in 1980 or earlier, was advertised as a prototyping computer kit for computer hobbyists. In 1983, modified and packaged together with display, keyboard, and disk drives, it was sold as the Multiflex Super System. According to Exceltronix, Multiflex computers were sold across Canada to companies, educational institutions, and computer hobbyists. In its basic configuration, the Multiflex Z80 Computer KIt  consisted of two boards: the mother board and the CPU board. The motherboard featured four sockets  one of which was designated for interfacing with the CPU board. The remaining three sockets were used for expanding the system with a range of expansion cards offered by Multiflex as well as by various manufacturers world-wide. The motherboard also featured a 16-key hexadecimal keypad, 14 monitor function keys, 2 user definable keys, a hexadecimal display, and an EPROM programmer for storing programs and data in EPROM chips. The CPU board was a single-board computer which was inserted into one of the expansion sockets on the motherboard.  The computer was designed to operate under Multiflex monitor (Z.MON, residing in EPROM), and later, under a dialect of CP/M operating system co-developed by National Multiplex/Pegasus and Exceltronix. The monitor software allowed full support for programming the computer in the Z80 assembly language as well as for using all the features available through the motherboard (e.g. programming EPROMs). Under the CP/M operating system, the Multiflex Z80 computer could execute a variety of popular applications software from word processors to data bases and spreadsheets. Multiflex Z80 Computer Kit -- hardware specifications: <ul> <li>bus architecture: IEEE S-100</li> <li>CPU: Z80A, 8-bit, (2-6MHz)</li> <li>RAM: up to 64KB</li> <li>ROM: 4 ROM sockets for BIOS, monitor software, etc</li> <li>disk drives: not included but supported whit an optional Multiflex disk drive controller card</li> <li>expansion sockets: 4 -- one taken by the CPU board and the remaining three were typically designated for a video card, and disk drive controller</li> <li>keypad: 16-key hexadecimal</li> <li>function keys: 14 monitor function keys plus 2 user definable keys</li> <li>display: hexadecimal display on the motherboard</li> <li>external display: not included but supported with an optional display or high-resolution card</li> <li>EPROM programmer: resident on the motherboard, could program a range of EPROMs</li> <li>ports: RS-232 serial port and 24-line parallel port</li> <li>keyboard: not included</li> <li>power supply: not included</li> </ul> Software: <ul> <li>Z.MON monitor program (in EPROM)</li> <li>CP/M operating system</li> <li>a range of applications software written to operate under CP/M including BASIC programming language, WordStar (word processor from MicroPro International,), and SuperCalc (spread sheet from Sorcim)</li> </ul> The museum has a Multiflex Z80 Computer KIt with a manual published in 1980. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Multiflex Technology Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1980 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada, 1980s https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/e9fcd54c0f77182261c06360d32b4915.jpg 2bfe9b7e8cb2ec81b915f360efb9d2f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ryerson 6800 Microcomputer Subject The topic of the resource computer hardware: educational computer Description An account of the resource Historical context: Microprocessor-based computers (microcomputers) were built at educational institutions as soon as the first 8-bit microprocessors became commercially available. They were initially constructed  as educational aids, as microprocessor trainers, and even as digital laboratory workstations set up at some universities to expose students to the principles of the emerging discipline of microprocessor systems design. These early educational microcomputers  were built around microprocessor demonstration boards offered by semiconductor companies as a low cost hardware aid to assist systems engineers in programming microprocessor-based devices. In 1973, Intel offered its SIM-8 demonstration board. Soon after other semiconductor companies offered their demonstration boards to support their microprocessors: Microsystems International Ltd. introduced its MOD-8 demonstrator in 1974, Motorola released its MEK 6800 in 1976 and so did MOS Technology and NEC which offered their demonstrators (the KIM-1 and the TK-80, respectively)  in the same year. In the 1970s, these demonstrators were popular with computer hobbyists. The Ryerson 6800 microcomputer was designed and constructed in the late 1970s at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute (now Toronto Metropolitan University) to support its digital electronics course. According to a former Ryerson professor Peter Hiscocks. "The unit was put together to support the teaching of microprocessors when that was brand new in the EE curriculum  at Ryerson. The person that put the unit together was Augustine [Lee], I believe." The course was coordinated by Jack Miller and taught by, among other instructors, Augustine Lee and Doug Hawkes. The Ryerson 6800  was built around the Motorola MEK 6800D2 demonstration board. It was one of several single-board microcomputers used by students of Ryerson's Electrical Technology Department. Technical Specifications (for the MEK 6800D2): <ul> <li>CPU - Motorola 6800, 8-bit</li> <li>RAM - 1KB (4 x MCM 6810AP)</li> <li>ROM - SCM44520L with JBUG Monitor</li> <li>PORTS - asynchronous serial RS232, parallel I/O, audio cassette tape interface</li> <li>keypad -  hexadecimal: 16 keys for data entry section and 8 function keys</li> <li>display - 6 hex digit LED display.</li> </ul> Software: Motorola 6800 JBUG Monitor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Motorola and Ryerson Polytechnical Institute Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970s Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context R6800 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Toronto, Canada Ryerson https://museum.eecs.yorku.ca/files/original/038c5961ce60a57d1909f1854baf1660.jpeg 77365218aba564dbb486b9c379dba043 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Microsystems International Limited (MIL) Collection Description An account of the resource In October of 1968, with $48 million package from the Canadian Treasury Board, Northern Electric transformed its Advanced Devices Center into a new company called Microsystems International Ltd. (MIL). In March of 1969, MIL opened its doors with its headquarters in Montreal and the manufacturing facility in Ottawa. The company's focus was to be on new  semiconductor technologies and products. In a short period of time, MIL acquired state of the art integrated circuit technologies and the second source rights to a number of products. The company's memory products, such as MF1101, MF1103, MF1701, or MF1702, and the MF8008 microprocessor, placed the company among the semiconductor leaders on the international market. Between 1970 and 1972, MIL developed and manufactured Canada's first microprocessor -- the MF7114. It also produced three microcomputers:  the CPS/1 system designed around the MF7114 microprocessor as well as the MOD8 and the MOD80 computers. The MOD8 microcomputer, developed in 1974, was based on the MIL MF8008 8-bit microprocessor. This computer (as well as its refinement -- the MOD80) consisted of the MOD8-8 PCB backplane mounted in an aluminum case. The backplane contained the Eprom programmer and nine connectors for the CPU, memory, interface, and I/O cards. The MOD8 computer and its MONITOR8 software were aimed at the development of the MF8008-based applications. To MIL's surprise, it was the North American computer enthusiasts who made the MOD8 a popular 8008-based microcomputer kit in 1975-1976. MIL's MF8008 Applications Manual was one of the most widely read early documents on 8-bit microprocessors. The MOD8 influenced other early microcomputer designs for the hobbyists' market such as the Mike2 computer from Martin Research or a range of C-MOD computers from Celetron Corporation which were sold by MiniMicroMart of Syracuse, NY. The company closed its operations in June 1975. However, MIL's demise seeded the Canadian high-technology sector with scores of semiconductor, computer, and telecommunications start-ups founded by former MIL employees. Acquisition: The artifacts have been donated to YUCoM by several individuals including  David Drynan, John Freeman, John Hackman, Kelly Hamilton, William Kindree, Mark Silver, Zbigniew Stachniak, and Candi Trefero. HARDWARE <ul> <li>MOD8 microcomputer</li> <li>MOD80 microcomputer with a variety of additional home made boards and passive backplane</li> <li>MP-1 chip set (it includes the MF7114 microprocessor)</li> <li>MF8008 microprocessor</li> <li>various MIL integrated circuits including the MF7114 and MF8008 CPUs as well as the MF1702A Eproms.</li> <li>MOD8-8 backplane</li> <li>A set of replicated MOD8 printed circuit boards</li> </ul> MANUALS, GUIDES, APPLICATIONS NOTES <ul> <li>MC-1 Microcomputer Handbook (Preliminary), MIL (197?)</li> <li>MC-1 - the 'Nibbler' Microcomuter Instruction Guide, 1973(?)</li> <li>How to Use the CPS/1 Micro-Computer System, Bulletin 50001 (MIL, 1972)</li> <li>Techniques for the CPS/1, Microsystems International Ltd., preliminary edition, 1973(?)</li> <li>CPS/1 Application Guide, Microsystems International Ltd. , June 26, 1972</li> <li>Short Form Catalogue Catalogue, Bulletin 80001, Microsystems International Ltd., March 1971</li> <li>Selected Linear I.C. Catalogue, Bulletin 80004A, Microsystems International Ltd., 1974 edition</li> <li>MF8008 Central Processing Unit Applications Manual, Microsystems International Ltd., preliminary edition, 1974(?)</li> <li>MOS Memory Catalogue, Bulletin 80005, Microsystems International Ltd., 1974</li> <li>MOS LSI Memory, Bulletin 23006, Microsystems International Ltd., 1972(?)</li> <li>MOS LSI Memory Fully Decoded Static Random Access 1024 Bit Memory MF2102, Bulletin 23032, Microsystems International Ltd., 1972</li> <li>MF8008 Central Processor Applications Manual, Bulletin 80007, Microsystems International Ltd., 1974 edition</li> <li>Microprocessor Control of the Singer Telerex 30PMI Matrix Printer, MIL Applications Note, HRM 1468-00, November 16, 1973</li> <li>J. Freeman, MF 7114 Central Processing Unit Product Specification, Design Report P-F-7114, Issue 1, Microsystems International Ltd., October 1973</li> <li>J. Freeman, MF 7115, 64x4 RAM Product Specification, Design Report P-F-7115, Issue 1, Microsystems International Ltd., October 1973</li> <li>MOD8 Manual, Moducomp Inc., 1975(?)</li> <li>MOD8/Audio Cassette Interface Manual  (Moducomp?)</li> <li>MOD80 Supplement, Moducomp Inc., 1975(?)</li> <li>GNC 8: Modular Micro Computer User's Manual, Great Northern Computers Ltd., 1975</li> </ul> SOFTWARE and HARDWARE NOTES <ul> <li>L. Schweizer, MPS/1, Mini Processor System/First Try, Microsystems International Ltd. (1972?)</li> <li>CPS/1 Software Notes, draft copy, Microsystems International Ltd. (1973?)</li> <li>New Super Component: MOD8-9 (MIL?, 6pp)</li> <li>MOD 8-8, Backplane/PROM Programmer (MIL?, 16 pp)</li> <li>Notes on the MOD-80 version2, revision 1 and other 8080-related hardware/software by Tom Dale (c. 1977)</li> <li>B. Warren, 4006 Design Report, Intel, December 16, 1971</li> <li>J. Freeman, A Microprocessor Prototyping System for the 8080 (1974?)</li> <li>J. Heckman, Interupts for CPS/1 (handwritten notes)</li> <li>J. Heckman, Tech Note - COMBUS (handwritten notes)</li> <li> The MOD 8 Data Package , by Robert Swartz (1975). It includes: <ul> <li>The MOD 8 Data Package cover page</li> <li>MOD 8-8 Backplane/PROM Programmer documentation</li> <li>Audio Cassette/MOD8 Interface</li> <li>Errors in MIL Application Manual, Bulletin 80007 - 1974 Edition</li> <li> Helpful Hints in Getting a Running System</li> <li>MOD 8 Parts List, 1/5/75</li> <li>Additional Notes on MOD 8MIL.htm</li> </ul> </li> <li>The MOD 80 CPU board schematic diagram and board layout; designed by Robert Swartz (1975), layout by Nano Systems, manufactured by Space Circuits</li> <li>The MOD8 software and notes by Brother Thomas McGahee (1975/76): <ul> <li>Notes on Using the MIL-MOD 8 System, 6 pages</li> <li>Minimal Monitor for Scientific Calculator, 12 pages</li> <li>How it Works: Parallel I/O for MOD-8, 14 pages</li> <li>Monitor-8P Parallel I/O, 8 pages</li> <li>Scientific Calculator Software, 36 pages</li> <li>Proposed C-MOD8-2P, (February 1976), 7 pages</li> </ul> </li> <li> Datapak: LED Display, MiniMicroMart, 1976 (discusses LED display board for MOD80, C-MOD 80)</li> </ul> SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS <ul> <li>CPS1-1, February 6, 1973</li> <li>MOD-4 CPU board, Microsystems International Ltd., June 25, 1974</li> <li>MOD-4 Exoander board, Microsystems International Ltd., June 21, 1974</li> <li>MOD-4 debug board, Microsystems International Ltd., June 21, 1974</li> </ul> SOFTWARE <ul> <li>MONITOR 8 (on eight Intel 1702 Eproms)</li> <li>MONITOR 8 (2K x 8, 8316 ROM) from MiniMicroMart (not in the YUCoM's collection)</li> <li>MONITOR 80 (3 2708 Eproms) from MiniMicroMart (not in the YUCoM's collection)</li> </ul> CORPORATE DOCUMENTS <ul> <li>Microsystems International Ltd. share certificate, February 23, 1970</li> <li>Minutes of CPS/1 Meeting, May 18, 1972</li> </ul> MOD8/80 related articles in MiniMicroMart publications <ul> <li>MOD8 discussed in MiniMicroMart Newsletter, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 2-3</li> <li>Monitor-8 Software including Audio Cassette Interface, MiniMicroMart Technical Bulettin B101-4/75</li> <li>MOD8, C-MOD8/80 discussed in Special issue C A 75</li> <li>MONITOR 8 and Tape Cassette Interface for MOD8 discussed in MiniMicroMart Newsletter, special issue C101A-5/75</li> <li>C-MOD 8 Boards, C-MOD 80 Boards: Modular 8 Bit Microprocessor, MiniMicroMart Product Bulletin-A103-9/75</li> <li>RM 6800 -- C-MOD 6800 Mini System, MiniMicroMart Product Bulletin (preliminary), November 1975</li> <li>C-MOD System>, Product Bulletin, Sep. 1976 </li> <li>Monitor 80, 80A, and RM 8080 discussed in Product Bulletin, Nov. 1976 </li> <li>C-MOD 80 system discussed in Product Bulletin, July, 1977 </li> </ul> MOD8/80 related articles in Toronto Association of Computer Enthusiasts (TRACE) Newsletter <ul> <li>TRACE group purchase of MOD8 and MOD80 PCBs as well as MOD 80 based TV typewriter and color graphics terminal; a note by B. Kindree, TRACE Newsletter nr. 3, May 1976.</li> <li>MOD8/80 user group; a note by J. Szilock, TRACE Newsletter nr. 4, June 1976.</li> <li>B. Kindree, MOD 8 and MOD 80 Bus Display Board. TRACE Newsletter nr. 5, July 1976.</li> <li>B. Kindree, The MOD 8 and MOD 80 Microcomputers: a short summary. TRACE Newsletter nr. 5, July 1976.</li> <li>A note on MOD80 CPU board by B. Kindree. TRACE Newsletter nr. 7, August 1976.</li> <li>MOD 80 Tips, TRACE Newsletter nr. 8, October 1976.</li> <li>B. Kindree, From the Editor's Desk. A note on the status of TRACE MOD8/80 User's Group. TRACE Newsletter nr. 13, March 1977.</li> </ul> OTHER RELATED DOCUMENTS  <ul> <li>T.A. Dale, Monitor 68 Users Guid, University of Waterloo, 1977</li> <li>Phoenix-8 promotional brochure, HRB (Goderich, ON), 197?</li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource <img src="http://museum1.eecs.yorku.ca/www_decorations/mil_logo.png" alt="MCM_logo" width="30%" height="30%" border="0" /> This collection documents corporate history of Microsystems International Ltd. (MIL). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Zbigniew Stachniak hardware A computer (or a calculator), its components and peripherals (displays, printers, pointing devices, modems, external storage devices, etc). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MIL MF7114 microprocessor Description An account of the resource Historical context (by Z. Stachniak) The MF7114 was an early 4-bit single-chip microprocessor designed and built by Microsystems International Ltd. (MIL) of Montreal between 1970 and 1972. It was the first microprocessor designed and manufactured in Canada. The MF7114 has its roots in the development of Intel's first single-chip central processing unit (CPU) -- the 4004. Before it was given the `MF7114' designation, the chip's general architecture was called the Intel 4005 and the purpose of its development was to backup the 4004's project, to fabricate a simpler general-purpose microprocessor in case of the 4004's fiasco. When in early 1971 the design work on the 4004 chip resulted in silicon wafers with a sufficient number of fully-functional CPUs on them to permit the chips' fabrication at the target cost, Intel abandoned the 4005 project. MIL on the other hand, continued the 4005's development and, by mid 1972, had its own 4-bit microprocessor -- the MF7114. MIL marketed the MF7114 as a CPU for stored program controllers.  In 1973, the company designed an MF7114-based  controller board to demonstrate the use of the chip to control the Singer Telerex 30  PMI Matrix Printer. The company also used the MF7114 to design a 4-bit microcomputer -- the CPS-1 (also referred to as the CPS/1, MPS/1, and MC-1). The computer was offered in two  versions. The first one was a single-board version. The board included the MF7114 CPU, clock, 4Kb of memory, and 16 I/O ports including a TTY interface. The second version was a  modularly designed hardware that included a chassis with backplane bus for system's expansions, a CPU and memory board, a power supply, a programmer's console, and the PROM connector to the PROM programmer. Designed in 1973, the CPS-1 was the first microprocessor powered computer built in Canada. <h4>The MF7114 Specifications</h4> <ul> <li>data bus - 4 bit, bi-directional</li> <li>address bus - 12 bit</li> <li>communications bus: (COMBUS) 21 bit, included 16 lines of data and address buses plus 5 control lines</li> <li>clock speed: 0.9 microseconds per cycle</li> <li>on-chip registers: accumulator (AC, 4 bit), program counter (PC, 12 bit), data pointer (DP, 12 bit), overflow register (OF, 1 bit)</li> <li>virtual (working) registers: eight 4-bit and eight 12 bit registers</li> <li>number of instructions: 58, executed in three to five cycles</li> <li>supporting chips: the MF1601 ROM and MF7115 RAM</li> <li>packaging: 24-pin DIP</li> </ul> <h4>Museum Holdings</h4> A promotional paperweight with a 7114 chip set consisting of an MF 7114 CPU, an MF1601 ROM, and an MF7115 RAM. References <ul> <li> MF8008 Central Processor Applications Manual, MIL, Bulletin 80007, 1974.</li> <li>Stachniak, Z. The MIL MF7114 Microprocessor. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing,October-December 2010 (vol. 32 no. 4) pp. 48-59.</li> <li>MIL CPS-1 Emulator: Design Notes and Programmer's Guide, Version 2.2, York University Computer Museum, 2021.</li> </ul> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Microsystems International Ltd. (MIL) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-1975 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource John Freeman, John Hackman, Kelly Hamilton, and Zbigniew Stachniak Subject The topic of the resource hardware: integrated circuits Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No 7114 microprocessor